Research Structure

On this page, the S&T Gate UKR.EU provides an overview of the research and technology potential of Ukraine.

---

Characteristics of the research system

Science in Ukraine is concentrated in 1,404 scientific institutions, representing  the following four sectors of science:

• academic - 365 (26%)
• field - 789 (56%)
• university - 178 (13%)
• industry - 72 (5%).

Academic science is presented by the National Academy of Science of Ukraine and five field academies of sciences - Ukrainian Academy of Agrarian Sciences, Academy of Medical Sciences, Academy of Pedagogical Sciences, Academy of Legal Sciences and Academy of Arts. Research is also carried out by field institutes, institutions of higher education, industrial research institutes, engineering departments and special engineering bureaus.

Indicators

Key criteria of science, technology and innovation indicators:

• reflection of the situation in science, technology and innovation in the region
• provide comparability with international standards
• management effectiveness in different sectors on different levels

Key tasks of science, technology and innovation indicators:

• specification of the current science, technology and innovation experience, resources, activities, and related policy making infrastructure
• identification of national, EU and EECA partners based on current objectives and facilities
• categorization of the national facilities on their potential for science, technology and innovation cooperation in the current EU-EECA projects and tasks

NIP Ukraine analyzed 21 indicators of the EU (five groups):

• general indicators (capital deepening, gross domestic product, labour productivity, manufacturing industry technology categories, purchasing power standards, SMEs, total factor productivity, value added)
• human resources indicators (researchers, S&E graduates)
• RTD expenditure indicators (government budget for RTD, gross domestic expenditure on RTD, tax subsidies, venture capital investment)
• S&T competitiveness indicators (high-tech knowledge intensive services, high-tech trade, technology balance of payments receipts)
• Scientific and technological performance indicators (scientific specialisation, technological specialisation, triadic patents)

The following most common indicators are used in scientific literature to assess the tendencies in the field of science and technology in Ukraine:

• salary of scientists
• number/budget of research programmes/projects
• number of scientific publications
• scientific citing
• budget to fund fundamental research
• quantitative characteristics of the scientific community
• etc

The dynamics (in number) of scientific publications is shown on Fig.1.

                                                                 Fig.1

Ukraine's scientific and technical potential data is annually published by the State Committee of Statistics of Ukraine. The data analysis enables both to obtain information on the current status of science and evaluate the effect of science on certain tendencies of the country's social and economic development.

Research performers

The geography of location of the Ukrainian research institutions is not well balanced. Most of them are located in the economically developed regions of Ukraine. About two thirds of all institutions are in Kyiv (24.2%), Kharkiv (15.5%), Dnipropetrovsk (6.6%), Lviv (6.0%), Donetsk (5.3%) and Odessa (4.6 %) oblasts.
According to the State Committee of Statistics of Ukraine, the number of the research institutions personnel decreased by 1.2 in the period from 2000 to 2007, and it estimated 155.5 thousand persons in 2007.

The number of scientific and scientific and technical researchers per 10 thousand persons of economically active population is 30 persons.

However the personnel potential of Ukrainian science remains rather big in number, its structural characters are not satisfactory. The data in Table 1 below shows that the most number of Ukrainian researchers (more than 45%) work in the field of engineering which reflects the traditional direction of Ukrainian science of 1980s.

		Part of general amount of researchers in 2006 (%)	Including		Part of general amount of researchers in 2007 (%)	Including
			doctors of science (%)	candidates of science (%)		doctors of science (%)	candidates of science (%)
1.	Engineering	47,8	2,1	10,6	46,2	2,1	10,5
2.	Physics and mathematics	9,7	12,8	33,3	9,7	13,4	33,9
3.	Multidisciplinary sciences	8,5	3,1	24,8	9,2	3,5	25,3
4.	Agriculture	8,1	4,1	25,3	8,0	4,3	25,6
5.	Medical sciences	5,8	14,7	38,2	6,0	15,2	38,0
6.	Biology	5,1	8,1	34,0	5,4	8,2	33,9
7.	Chemistry	3,2	7,2	35,4	3,3	7,1	35,3
8.	Economic sciences	2,9	8,0	27,0	3,0	8,5	29,1
9.	Geology	2,7	8,5	27,4	2,7	8,9	27,8

At the same time, as regards the age structure of the personnel segment, 46% of with scientific degrees in engineering sciences are over 60. It is obvious that such scientific and technical personal structure negatively influences the prospects of application of the results in engineering researches for economic development in Ukraine. More than 50% of experts with scientific degrees in economical sciences are also over 60.

Research funding system

In accordance with the law, science and technology expenditure is a secured line in the State Budget of Ukraine. Scientific studies are funded from the budget pursuant to the basic and programme-oriented procedures. Basic funding is made available to carry out: 

• fundamental scientific research;
• research  in the most essential for the state directions, including national security and defence RTD; 
• development of S&T infrastructure;
• preservation of scientific objects of national property;
• research personnel training.

There are the following sources of funding in Ukraine: 

• budgetary funding
• Ukrainian public science foundations
• foreign science foundations
• contracts with public enterprises
• contracts with private enterprises
• leasing premises
• other sources

The academic and university sectors are funded from the state budget mainly, whereas RTD organizations that associated with industry are funded subject to the agreements with customers. Also in the case of industry sector foreign investments play primary role.  



Source: NIP
Last up-date: 08.07.2009

---

top